mm^!^im:M^m;i^wj

iociety of the Army of
Santiago de Cuba.

DEDICATION

of the

Battle Monument at £1 Caney , Cuba.

DEDICATION

of the

First Landing Monument at Daiquiri, Cuba.

REPORT

of the

Santiago Battlefield Commission.

Baltimore, Maryland,

Press of John S. Bridges &. Co.

1906

^:

\ t/m*, J, <'■ ■'

1

Society of the Army of
Santiago de Cuba.

DEDICATION

of the

Battle Monument at El Caney, Cuba.

DEDICATION

of the

First* Landing Monument at Daiquiri, Cuba.

REPORT

of the

Santiago Battlefield Commission.

Baltimore, Maryland,

Press of John S. Bridges &. Co.

1906

.S6t

Gift
The So(Met.y

Officers of the Society.

PRESIDENT :

Lieutenant-General ADNA R. CHAFFEE, U. S. A.

FIRST VICE-PRESIDKNT :

Major-Genei-al J. FORD KENT. U. S. V.
(BriK.-Gen. U. S. A.)

SECOND VICE-PRESIDENT :

Major-Geneial H. S. HAWKINS. U. S. V.
(Brig.-Gen. U. S. A.)

THIRD VICE-PRESIDENT :

Lieutenant-Colonel CHAS. DICK. 8th Ohio Vol. Infantry.
(Major-General Ohio National Guard.)

FOURTH VICE-PRESIDENT.

Major-General S. S. SUMNER. U. S. A.

SECRETARY AND TREASURER :

Lieutenant-Colonel ALFRED C. SHARPS, :}Oth U. S. Infantry.

ASSISTANT SECRETARY AND TREASURER :

Captain HOLLIS CHENERY CLARK. U. S. A.

HISTORIAN :

Major G. CREIGHTON WEBB, In.sp'r-Gen. IJ. S. V.

REGISTRAR-GENERAL :

Colonel PHILIP READE. 23d U. S. Infantry.

FIRST DIVISION REGISTRAR :

Major L. W. V. KENNON, 10th U. S. Infantry.
SECOND DIVISION REGISTRAR :

Colonel JAMES T. KERR. M. S.. U. S. A.

THIRD DIVISION REGISTRAR :

Colonel CHARLES MORTON, 7th U. S. Calvary.

FOURTH DIVISION REGISTRAR :

Lieutenant-Colonel JOHN JACOB ASTOR, Insp'r-Gen. U. S. V.
The above named otficers are also members, ex-officio. of the Council.

Additional Members of the Council :

Major-General WM. R. SHAFTER. U. S. A.. e.\ -officio, former President.

Lieutenant-General JOHN C. BATES. U. S. A., ex-officio, former Piesident.

Lieutenant-General S. B. M. Young-. U. S. A.

Brigadier-General ADELBERT AMES. U. S. V.

Major-General WALLACE F. RANDOLPH. U. S. A.

BriKadier-General CHAMBERS McKIBBIN, U. S. A.

Colonel THEODORE ROOSEVELT. 1st U. S. V. Calvary.

Brigadier-General E. D. DIMMICK. U. S. A.

Colonel GEO. H. HARRIES. 1st D. C. Vol. Infantry, Brig.-Gen. D. C. Militia.

Major-General JOHN F. WESTON, U. S. A.

Lieutenant-Colonel GEORGE V. LAUMAN. 1st 111. Vol. Infantry.

Finance Committee:

Major-General J. C. BRECKINRIDGE, U. S. A.

Captain CHARLES D. RHODES, fith U. S. Cavalry. General Staff.

Captain LEROY W. HERRON. 1st D. C. Volunteer Infantry.

Santiago Battlefield Commission:

Lieutenant-(;eneral S. B. M. Young, U. S. A., Chairman.
Brigadier-General ALBERT S. MILLS, U. S. A.
Lieutenant-Colonel WEBB C. HAYES, U. S. V.. Secretary.

(7)

ITINERARY

OF THE

Trip of the Santiago Battlefield Commission and Party,
8 to 25 February, 1906.

8 -Left New York.

9— Touched at Fortress Monroe.

13— Arrived Guantanamo; visited McCalla Hill.

14— Arrived Santiago; made official call upon the Gov-
ernor of province and Alcalde of city in forenoon;
held dedication ceremonies of battle monument
at El Caney in afternoon; attended banquet by
Cuban government at Hotel Venus at night, fol-
lowed by ball by the San Carlos and Union Clubs.

15— Made informal excursions to Santiago battlefield ;
held reception on board transport.

16— Left Santiago; visited scene of naval battle; landed
at Daiquiri and dedicated First Landing Monu-
ment.

18— Arrived Havana.

20— Attended reception by President Palma; left Havana.

24— Touched at Fortress Monroe.

25 — Arrived New York.

(8)

Order of Exercises.
DEDICATION OF BATTLE MONUMENT

On Ruins of Fort El Viso, El Cancy, Cuba,
14 February. 1906.

The meeting- called to order by Lieutenant-General Adna
R. Chaffee, U. S. A., President of the Society of the
Army of Santiago de Cuba,

Invocation by the Reverend J. B. Mancebo.

Music by the 5th Band, Artillery Corps, U. S. Army.

Remarks by Lieutenant General S. B. M. Young-, U.S.A.,
representing- the President of the United States.

Music, "Star Spangled Banner," Cuban Artillery Band.

Remarks by General Andrade, representing the Presi-
dent of the Republic of Cuba.

Music, " Himno de Bayamo," 5th Band, Artillery Corps,
U. S. A.

Unveiling- of the Commemorative Tablets, by Lieutenant
Colonel Webb C. Hayes, U. S. V., Secretary, Santiago
Battlefield Commission.

Salute by American and Cuban forces.

Remarks by Rear Admiral Francis J. Higginson, U.S.N.,
representing the Secretary of the Navy.

Remarks by Rear Admiral Charles E. Clark, U. S. N.,
Commanding U. S. Battleship "Oregon" in the Naval
Battle of Santiago de Cuba.

Music by the Cuban Artillery Band.

Address : Lieutenant-Colonel Alfred C. Sharpe, U. S. A.,
Secretary of the Society of the Army of Santiago de
Cuba.

Music by the 5th Band, Artillery Corps, U. S. A.

Benediction by the Most Reverend Archbishop of Santi-
ago de Cuba.

(9)

Speech of Lleutenant-General A. R. Chaffee, U. S. A.

It is well within the recollection of men and women
present that for several years prior to 1898 the aspira-
tions and efforts of the Cuban people for a government,
independent and National in character, were strenuously
opposed by a foreign nation which supported its policy
with a large army in occupation of the country; that as
a consequence of relentless determination upon the one
hand and upon the other, there arose serious conflicts.
War, devastation of homes, industrial ruin, spread the
length and breadth of this fair island, and finally,
disorder, of such magnitude as affected the honor of
the United States and caused her bond of life-long
friendship with Spain to be severed.

Hither came an army of United States soldiers and
the ships of her splendid Navy : highly important
events followed quickly. It is a matter of history that
within the brief time of twenty days our Army and
Navy, aided by a patriotic force of Cubans, gloriously
battled in their respective spheres of action, on land
and sea, gaining victories : the political authority of a
great nation in control here for more than a hundred
years— her military and naval power in this section of
the world -was rendered ineffective, and in a short
while thereafter diplomatically terminated forever.

It is never possible to accomplish large events by
war without some sacrifice of life.

Soldiers were here and at nearby places killed in
the battles ; others bled and died of wounds received in
action ; still others fell sick and died of disease con-
tracted here. But what of the compensation for this
loss ! When the contending parties had ceased their
strife ; when all the implements of war had been re-
moved from sight ; when real peace, good order, hap-
piness and contentment of the people, blossomed frag-
rantly to our several senses— if I may so speak — a million

(10)

and a half of Cubans were made free and indepen-
dent, and in place of a government of arbitrary power,
political and military of a foreign nation, there has
been substituted the will and force of the Cuban people,
free and independently exercised by their own repre-
sentatives.

Now, seven and a half years after hostilities here,
representatives of the Army of Santiago de Cuba, of
the Navy of the United States, have come to mark, with
enduring bronze, this field of honorable sacrifice of
soldier life for country— for a government by the people.

For this occasion and purpose, however, we are not
alone. We have with us the representative of the Pres-
ident of the United States; with us, too, are representa-
tives of the republic of Cuba, the last born of the sister-
hood of nations; around about us are citizens of this free
and prosperous New Nation ; and here also, my Cuban
friends, are wives and daughters— our good angels upon
earth, who willingly sacrifice material comforts, partake
of great mental distress, in order to dutifully cheer on
soldiers and sailors of the great republic to do battle for
country ; always and only in a righteous cause.

We are indeed glad to understand that the presence
here of these representatives, of these citizens, of
these friends, is to show their appreciation of services
rendered in this vicinity by soldiers and sailors of the
United States and by patriotic Cubans. We hope that
when, with the generous assistance of the Government
and people of Cuba, marking of this battlefield shall
have been completed as planned, and strangers shall
come here to read from the tablet of bronze the names
of our fallen comrades ; shall observe the industrial
progress certain to be made in this island, mark the
intellectual and social advancement of the Cuban people
under just and liberal laws, the motto of the Society
of the Army of Santiago de Cuba will encompass their
thoughts : " As He died to make men holy, let us die
to make men free. ' '

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(12)

Speech of Lieutenant-Gencral S. B. M. Young, U. S. A.

With nations as with individuals, a glorious his-
tory produces tranquility, contentment and happiness.

It is said of man : " It is better to have loved and
lost than never to have loved ", and it may be said of
a nation that it is better to have fought for liberty and
failed than never to have fought. Far better it is for
the good people of a nation to dare mighty things
against tremendous odds and meet with failure and
disaster many times if they triumph in the end than to
remain supinely hugging the delusive phantom of hope
without daring to do or die, living ever in a fading
twilight that reflects neither victory nor defeat.

Eight years ago the patriots of this beautiful island
nation, after years of trials, sufferings and defeats,
were made happy by the echoes of our guns in their
cause at Las Guasimas, El Caney, San Juan and Kettle
Hill, and on the sea front of Santiago, which drove out
a medieval tyranny that for centuries had overridden
and crushed the spirit of liberty in this land. This
friendship of the American people, whose forefathers
had fought many years, suffered many defeats and
finally won their liberty from the most powerful nation
of Europe a century and a quarter previously, was won
by the patriotic spirits of this island, daring again and
again through many dark and bloody years to accomplish
their liberty. And now, my friends, Americans and
Cubans, we know while the American Army did a great
work here in conjunction with the Cuban Army and
received great credit for that work, greater credit
belongs to the nation, to the people who sent that army
to do the work. Not for the purpose of driving out
the Spaniards and assuming sovereignty, but for a bet-
tering of the conditions for the purpose of allowing the
inhabitants of Cuba a fair, square deal and a chance to
play their own hand at the game of self-government.

(1.3)

You, my Cuban friends, have shuffled and dealt
the cards and you are happily playing the game well
for beginners. Of the heroic work accomplished, of
the noble deeds performed on this field, it is for us to
make report of those who gave their lives that their
comrades might gain the victory. It is for us to estab-
lish these monuments to the memory of our brave sol-
diers, our comrades who died on this field of battle that
our Army might win the glorious success it did win,
and that Cuba— this beautiful, tropical island— might
enjoy, as it is now enjoying, the blessings of freedom
and the liberty of self-government. And my comrades
in arms, 'tis our reward that we can stand on this
battlefield and not blush that we survive. In our
memories we treasure the names of those heroes and
we consecrate these monuments and tablets as our
report to those Americans and Cubans who come after
we have passed to the impenetrable beyond, so that
when they read the name of each soldier who has fallen
on this field they will find the final entry on their
descriptive lists to be " Dead upon the field of honor."

Speech of Rear Admiral Francis J. Higginson, U. S. N.

Ladies and Gentlemen:

By the courtesy of the Committee of the Santiago
Society, Rear Admiral Clark and myself have been in-
vited to represent the Navy in the ceremonies of today
commemorating, as we do, those gallant dead who gave
up their lives that Cuba might be free, and inscribing
here their names in imperishable tablets so that all
future generations may not forget the immutable ex-
ample of their great deeds. And while it is true the
Navy had no part in the immediate conflict around
Santiago, it was owing to the cordial co-operation and
protection of the Navy of the United States that the

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Army was enabled to arrive and disembark at its des-
tination in safety. The work of convoy and that of
disembarkation was well and ably performed, and the
Army once safely landed pursued its way to victory with
its accustomed celerity and gallantry.

It is true that in connection with these battles that
naval influence was more felt than seen, more implied
than active. That the vicinity of Santiago should have
become so unexpectedly the historic ground upon which
was fought to a successful termination that long dream
of Cuban independence, was due entirely to the presence
of the Spanish fleet under Admiral Cervera; this fleet
becoming for the time the objective point both of the
Army and the Navy of the United States. With the
existence of Spain's naval power in the West Indies
unsubdued, all operations upon the ocean were subject
to danger, and therefore the first point was to eliminate
this factor from the problem— the freeing of Cuba. That
work belonging legitimately to naval strategy, was
frustrated by the protection afforded to the Spanish fleet
by the physical condition of Santiago harbor which
opposed a barrier to the entrance of our battleships,
necessitating, therefore, the work of an army for the
capture of Santiago. All that the Navy required w^as
to get into close quarters with the Spanish fleet, and
when it was finally driven out of Santiago by the capture
of that city by the Army, the Navy accomplished in a
few hours and with the loss of but one man, the object
of their ambition and strewed the Cuban shore with the
burning wrecks of their victims; so the Army and Navy
having, as it were, marched hand in hand to victoiy, it
is fitting for the Navy to be represented in these servi-
ces commemorating the dead who fell in these combined
operations. The history of the Cuban dream of inde-
pendence is one of the most interesting on record,
saddened as it was by martyrdom, torture and death,
and emblazoned as it was with deeds of heroism, long
and patient suffering. It encountered defeat and hope

(15)

U"HK CHUKfH A'l' KL CAN'EY. 1SS>S.

(16)

long- deferred, and its pathway was strewn with the
tragedies of war. In dedicating here, as w^e do now,
our monument to those of our own countrymen who died
that Cuba might be free, let us not forget those noble
Cuban patriots who against seemingly insurmountable
and overwhelming odds, never despaired of their cause
nor wavered in their allegiance.

All honor, then, to those noble Cuban patriots who
kept the torch of independence burning through the
darkness of disaster and defeat, and all honor to the
noble President of the Cuban Republic whose history is
a romance of persecution, imprisonment, exile, through
which he never despaired and who lived finally to see
the success of all his hopes and to represent in his own
person the embodiment of Cuban independence, and to
be elected while still in exile to the honored position of
the Cuban Republic which he loved so w^ell.

Speech of l^car Admiral C. E. Clark, U. S. N.

My friends, I shall not try to pay a tribute to the
bravery and devotion of the men who fought at Las
Guasimas, at San Juan Hill and here at El Caney, for I
am too conscious of my inability to do so in fitting
words. But I wish to express my deep gratification at
being present at this meeting, held in commemoration of
services and sacrifices that gave to Cuba freedom and
independence and to America greater and, let us hope,
more enduring glory than came to Rome on the noblest
day in her history, when the conqueror of the Mace-
donians proclaimed liberty to all the cities of Greece.

And I am the more grateful at being here because
my presence is a recognition of the unfaltering efforts
of my companions on board the Battleship "' Oregon "
that she might be brought around a continent in time
for the decisive conflict. And, if in that conflict I was
distressed at the thought of the brave men slain and

(17)

the wounded who were suffering on board those burn-
ing Spanish ships, I was comforted by the thought that
for every life taken that day many would be saved, for
we were breaking down the bridge to Spain. And I
know that the roar of our guns was an inspiring and a
more than welcome sound to the war worn soldiers in
the trenches around Santiago.

Address by Licutcnant-Colonci Alfred C. Sharpe, U. S. A.

Mr. President, Ladies and Gentlemen:

We have come across the seas to dedicate on this
historic field a monument to the memory of brave com-
rades who here gave up their lives in battle. Unlike
most wars whose glowing camp fires and flashing guns
have thrown their lurid glare across the page of history,
the conflict in which these men fought and died was
waged neither for the defense of cherished institutions
at home nor for subjugation and conquest abroad. They
were not actuated by sordid ambition and lust of power
which have been the cause of so many cruel struggles
among the children of men. They came not at the
behest of loyal princes struggling for the succession to
a throne, nor yet for the extension of commerce nor
for the acquisition of new domains. Their mission
here was of a far different nature and so unique in its
motive and so brilliant in its achievement as to be per-
haps without a real parallel in the history of war.

The people of Cuba had long been struggling to
cast off the hated yoke of Spain ; without recognition
as belligerents, without a treasury, without a navy ;
hunted down and penned like animals in camps of re-
concentration ; half naked and dying by thousands of
starvation ; with poor arms and limited ammunition,
they yet maintained the unequal struggle through years
of suffering and horror such as has seldom blackened

(18)

the annals of the race. Deeply moved by these sad con-
ditions, so shocking to every sentiment of humanity,
the great heart of the American people went out to
these unhappy neighbors in unfeigned compassion and
sympathy and began to demand how long in all good
conscience this reign of desolation could be permitted
to endure. The right of one government to intervene
in the internal affairs of another had long been debated
by the publicists and discarded as a pernicious and dan-
gerous doctrine. Our own Washington had even warned
the fathers to beware of entangling alliances. But
anyone the least acquainted with the genius of our
institutions and the character of our people could not
have failed to foresee that sooner or later the cry of
these sorrowing Cubans would pierce the soul and rouse
the conscience of the great republic of the north, and
then woe to him who should stand in the way of their
swift and righteous judgment ! It was not difficult,
perhaps, for the people of England to understand the
feelings of their American kindred in this delicate sit-
uation. They had themselves been similarly circum-
stanced a hundred years before when in the famous
declaration of Whitehall, after recounting some of the
horrors of the French Revolution, they declared :

''This state of affairs cannot subsist in France
without implicating neighboring powers ; without giving
them the right and imposing upon them the duty of
arresting the progress of an evil which only exists by
the successive violation of all laws and every sense of
propriety, and the subversion of the fundamental prin-
ciples which unite men by the ties of social life."

But in that instance England was intervening to
restore a throne— not to emancipate an enthralled people.
And in the American Revolution several years prior to
that date the aid which came to the colonies from
France was recognized not so much as an intervention
in behalf of the colonists as an effort to humble the
power of England. To the nations of continental

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Europe, however, the kindly impulses of the American
people were not so readily intelligible. They hugged
the delusion that sectional differences were still smoul-
dering among us and that united action on any great
question of policy, especially one so serious as to involve
the possibility of war, would be next to impossible.
Accustomed to suppress individuality and keep the
faculties of the mind among the masses inert, they did
not realize that ours is indeed and in fact a government
by the people, and that in point of intelligence, gen-
erous sentiment and spontaneous individual initiative
the American character, as some one has justly declared,
is probably the most striking and positive which the
human family has produced. Such a people, once con-
vinced of the righteousness of a cause, do not stop to
count the cost nor calculate the benefits. Strongly
imbued with the militant missionary spirit, their leaders
are not only encouraged to lead on, but even impelled
farther possibly than they originally intended to go or
deemed it expedient to go. So it was in the great war
between the States in 1861 ; and so it was again in
the war of 1898. President McKinley and his able
advisers saw the approach of the coming storm ; with
noble forbearance and high statesmanship they ex-
hausted every resource of diplomacy to find, if pos-
sible, some basis of pacification and adjustment without
an appeal to arms. And it is only fair to Spain to
remember that these overtures were received and
treated with a consideration which gave promise of
ultimate peaceful success. But suddenly, like the flash
of an electric bolt, a horrible event in the harbor of
Havana dissipated all possibility of settlement and
passed the question from the deliberations of cabinets
and diplomats to the forum of the people. The explo-
sion of the Maine seemed to set the republic on fire.
Its reverberations shook the remotest hamlet in the
land. The story of Cuba's wrongs became the theme
of daily conversation and the burden of the daily press ;

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it was told with touching pathos in the halls of Con-
gress ; from ocean to ocean pulpits rang with burning
philippics and the congregations again began singing
the grand old war song, the sublime ' ' Battle Hymn of
the Republic" :

"Mine eyes have seen the glory of the coming of the

Lord ;
He is trampling out the vintage where the grapes of

wrath are stored;
He hath loosed the fateful lightnings of his terrible

swift sword;

His truth is marching on.

In the beauty of the lilies Christ was borne across the

sea,
With a glory in His bosom that transfigures you and

me;
As He died to make men holy let us die to make men

free;

While God is marching on."

And SO the war began; obedient to the will of the
people and without one dissenting vote, the Congress
made an appropriation of fifty millions of dollars at
the immediate disposal of the President. This remark-
able unanimity of action, obliterating all party lines and
discovering the undivided nation in solid phalanx behind
the President as their Commander-in-Chief was perhaps
one of the happiest surprises which surprising America
has ever given to the nations of the world. And had
they learned no other lesson save this, the opportunity
to proclaim in such an unmistakable and splendid manner
the absolute unification and solidarity of our great coun-
try would of itself have been worth all the money the war
cost. It is gratifying also to recall at this juncture the
resolute attitude and good will of our cousins in old
England. We are told that when approached by some
of the continental powers with a proposition for a coali-
tion in behalf of Spain the British Government declined
absolutely to consider it; and upon being pressed as to
her attitude in case such coalition were formed without
her, replied that in that event she would stand by the

(22)

United States. I am aware that the truth of this state-
ment has been seriously questioned, and it must be con-
fessed that the tone of the British press at that time
was by no means friendly; but whether the report be
true or false we certainly know this: that ever since the
memorable victory which here crowned our arms seven
and one-half years ago, British respect for America has
been steadily growing and has been seeking expression
on every proper occasion in words and tokens of esteem.
Contemplating these happy conditions and hoping that
England and America may continue to draw still closer
and closer together "hands clasped across the sea" and
girdling the world with the benign influences of Anglo-
Saxon institutions, who shall measure the results of the
war of 1898?

We will not stop to review the dramatic scenes
which followed the declaration of war: the hasty mob-
ilization and embarkation of Shafter's splendid corps;
the disquieting rumors of phantom warships; the long,
tedious voyage; the skillful landing under protection of
our gallent fleet; then the affair at Guasimas, followed
by the prompt advance and the final glorious culmination
here on that memorable July 1st when Capron's guns
opened the day at El Caney. Those stirring events are
vividly remembered by all and need not here be recount-
ed. But it is gratifying to recall the fact that American
prowess on this field was fully maintained at the high
standard of its best and loftiest traditions. We had
been taught by former wars to believe that when troops
in action had sustained certain losses approximating 14
or 15 per cent, it would be necessary to bring up the
supports, and when such losses reached the alarming
proportion of 25 per cent, the morale would be seriously
shattered and further advance without re-enforcements
would be eflTectually checked. But it remained for the
American Army on this field to establish a new world
record. Without supports, without a man in reserve,
and after a most exhausting march through the torrid

(23)

jungle, the single thin line which rushed to the assault
of these entrenched positions lost more than 15 per cent,
before it had traversed half the bullet swept zone: yet
they gallantly pressed on, many of the regiments, ex-
posed to direct and converging fire, such as the Seventh
of Lawton's, and the Sixth, Thirteenth and Sixteenth
of Kent's, leaving upwards of 30 per cent, lying along
the bloody path across the deadly plain.

It may not be inappropriate to pause just here for
a moment to repeat, as it should be repeated on every
proper occasion and in every proper place, the lesson
here impressively emphasized that if we would reach
across the sea and strike a blow as quick and crushing
and decisive as was struck here in 1898, we must have the
most perfect instrumentalities with which to do it ; we
must have not only an adequate modern Navy but a
highly specialized and adequate military establishment
as well. Relying with confidence upon our splendid bat-
tleships to do their part, we must, nevertheless, remem-
ber, that their action stops with the shore. A ship, how-
ever magnificently equipped and handled, cannot fight on
land, neither can a navy spare its vessels for transpor-
tation. Nor should we be satisfied with a contempla-
tion of our vast resources and fall into the fatal belief
that a land force can be suddenly improvised. Military
resources and military strength are two widely different
things and must not be confounded. We may possess
untold wealth in the one and be sadly destitute in the
other. The speedy organization, equipment and embark-
ation of some of the dashing volunteers who partici-
pated so honorably in the Santiago campaign, was
indeed a fine exhibition of American initiative and
organizing power. But our admiration for their bold
and gallant action should never be permitted to obscure
the fact that an immediately available and well trained
force cannot be suddenly created. In addition to the
preliminary work of organizing and equipping, the
training of the modern soldier demands an irreducible

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amount of time, and time in the operations of war is
an element which neither g-old nor genius can command.
I know these are famiHar and oft repeated truisms,
but, we regret to say there is still great need of their
repetition. And they should be repeated and repeated
again until our people come to a realization of their full
meaning. We should never grow weary of reciting the
old Roman proverb, as true to-day as when it was first
uttered, that if we would have commerce, if we would
have national stability, if we would have honorable and
lasting peace, we must be ready for war. This is the
first and second and third duty of the State. Had we
been compelled in 1898 to postpone the invasion of
Cuba until we could have organized and prepared a
sufficient volunteer force, training them in all the
scientific appliances of the present day, the strategic
advantages would have been entirely lost, the enemy
would have gained time to prepare a more formidable
defense, the threatened coalitions would probably have
been consummated, perhaps our command of the sea
interrupted, and the story of Cuba would have been
far different. After the roar of battle has ceased to
resound in our ears, after the armies are called home
and aff'airs have resumed their normal course, we are
prone to look back upon the conditions which led to the
conflict as something out of the ordinary and as not
liable to happen again. But human wisdom cannot fore-
see the varied form in which opposition to our wide-
expanding, world-engirdling republic may next appear ;
having become a great world power we certainly shall
be expected to meet the obligations of a world power ;
without an effective and immediately available land force
backed up by a properly organized and trained reserve,
no suddenly improvised transports however numerous,
and no hastily assembled levies, however brave and
patriotic, will suffice. It is encouraging to see that the
President of the United States, himself a veteran of
the Santiago campaign, is leading the thought of the

(25)

(26)

country in this important matter. In his last annual
message to Congress he declares: "We cannot con-
sider the question of our foreign policy without at the
same time treating of the Army and Navy." He points
out the importance of thorough preparation and train-
ing, and adds : " Only by such training in advance can
we be sure that in actual war field operations and those
at sea will be carried on successfully." If the cam-
paign of Santiago shall have brought our people to a
serious contemplation of these vital truths, leading them
to develop and resolutely maintain an adequate trans-
port service against all the arguments and influences of
the intense commercialism of the day and a rational
system of National Reserves capable of immediate and
effective action, we shall recognize another debt of
gratitude to the prompt and ready men who came over
the seas to give battle here in 1898.

Time will not permit us to call the roll of our heroic
dead— lustrous with the names of the invincible Lawton,
the knightly Ludlow, the brave Wikoff; yea, bearing
also the names of Liscum, and Hamilton and Egbert and
Haskell, and Forse and Fornance and the two Caprons,
and scores of others less conspicuous, perhaps, in mili-
tary rank but of no less conspicuous virtue. Many of
them fell here gallantly charging these gallantly de-
fended trenches; others succumbed to wounds or sank
under wasting disease here contracted; and others still
escaping the storm of shot and shell which swept down
from these embattled heights, survived only to fall on
other fields of glory in far away Luzon or under the
walls of ancient Pekin. Soldiers every one of them !
"men who put their creed into their deed " and who,
though conscious they were participating in a great
drama on the stage of life, never stopped to act a part,
never looked to the crowd for applause. And yet, what
paeans of applause their splendid achievements did
evoke ! The President of the United States cabled to
General Shaf ter :

(27)

" The President of the United States sends to you and your
brave army the profound thanks of the American people for the
brilliant achievements at Santiago, resulting in the surrender of
the city and all of the Spanish troops and territory under General
Toral. Your splendid command has endured not only the hardships
and sacrifices incident to campaign and battle, but in stress of heat
and weather has triumphed over obstacles which would have over-
come men less brave and determined. One and all have displayed
the most conspicuous gallantry and earned the gratitude of the
Nation."

And the Major-General at the head of the Army
telegraphed from Washington :

"Accept my hearty congratulations on the record made of mag-
nificent fortitude, gallantry and sacrifice displayed in the desperate
fighting of the troops before Santiago. I realize the hardships,
difficulties and sufferings and am proud that amid those terrible
scenes the troops illustrated such fearless and patriot devotion to
the welfare of our common country and flag. Whatever the results
to follow their unsurpassed deeds of valor, the past is already a
gratifying chapter of history."

And General Shaffer, describing in his official re-
port the charge of Kent's Division, declared : "In this
fierce contest words fail to do justice to the gallant
regimental commanders and their men."

But why dwell on these splendid tributes of praise !

"True fame demands not panegyric aid."

The memory of these modest soldiers is not only
dear to their comrades; not only revered by their coun-
trymen; it is embalmed also in the gratitude of all pa-
triotic sons of Cuba; yea, it is enshrined everywhere in
the heart of humanity.

In erecting this monument to these valorous men
we would also proclaim, not only to the people of Cuba
on whose soil it stands, but to every stranger who may
chance in coming years to visit this hallowed spot, the
magnitude of the event and the sacredness of the prin-
ciples which it commemorates. We wish it to stand
here so long as stone and bronze may endure a fit em-
blem of stalwart heroism and unbending devotion to
duty. We desire here to mark the spot where the last
vestige of absolutism in the Western Hemisphere was

(28)

forever struck down and a struggling people lifted to
honored place among the nations of the world. Above
all we cherish the hope that it shall remain an enduring
reminder to the inhabitants of this beautiful island,
not only of the men and events in memory of which it
is raised, but of the priceless boon of civil and religious
liberty here won for Cuba with such costly blood, and
that this precious heritage can be preserved only by the
same unwavering fidelity to duty which led these sol-
diers from the northland across the tropic seas. And
while we consecrate this monument as a memorial to
the unmeasured benefits conferred, not only upon Cuba,
but upon the cause of human freedom in all lands under
the sun, we would also leave it here as a shrine to
which every child of this young republic can turn and
receive fresh inspiration for the duties of a pure and
noble citizenship. Let not the people of Cuba look upon
this monument merely as a tribute to the soldiers of a
foreign land. Let it remind them, also, of their own
heroic compatriots, who under the brave and uncon-
querable Garcia, struggled so many long and bloody
years in the cause of Cuba libre. Well do we recall
those final days of June, when in the midst of drench-
ing rain and mud almost impassable, we saw them
moving steadily to their appointed positions under the
leadership of Castillo, and Sanchez and Benitez, and
Marti and Rabi and Lora and their other dauntless com-
manders ; their scanty clothing torn and tattered, many
of them in bare feet and bare heads, and carrying their
meagre supply of food in bits of rags twisted and tied
in the form of sacks. Gladly our generous men shared
their rations with them and bade them Godspeed in
their splendid struggle. And so I repeat that while we
establish this monument especially to commemorate the
achievements of our own country, it would certainly
fall short of our purpose did it not also bear testimony
to the dauntless patriotism and devotion of those heroic
sons of Cuba. And to those who survived that long.

(29)

sad period of darkness and are permitted to see the joy
of this auspicious day, we extend our sincere fehcita-
tions, wishinp: them and their happy country a bright
and glorious future. Ciudadanos de Cuba! Nosotros
OS saludamos, como a la aurora de risueno dia ; y os
decimos : Adelante, a conquistar el porvenir con honor y
gloria !

Comrades of the Army of Santiago de Cuba! we do
not forget that we are here to speak of the dead, not to
praise the Hving. But in turning from this hallowed
ground and casting our eyes over this once distracted
but now happy and prosperous land, the soldiers who
fought at Guasimas, El Caney and San Juan and Kettle
Hills can find a fitting reward for their valor. And the
consciousness of having been permitted to contribute in
some small way to such a splendid result is a satisfaction
which all will carry with them to the end of life. This
monument which we here affectionately dedicate may
indeed moulder away; the very ground on which it
stands may be submerged by the on-rolling waves of
yonder restless sea; but the eternal principles of human-
ity and justice which summoned the soldiers of the
great Republic of the North to this field and for which
our fallen comrades here laid down their lives shall never
fail nor grow dim. Standing on this historic height
which marks another step in the mighty march of human
progress, we can look with unwavering confidence to the
coming years, realizing that these imperishable princi-
ples which constitute the very form and fabric and sub-
stance of our own national and social existence, are
surely, irresistibly, spreading throughout the world, and
have at last, through the shedding of much heroic blood,
found a firm and impregnable lodgment in the heart and
conscience of mankind. We are justly proud of the
splendid part which our own beloved country has had in
exemplifying these high and holy principles and in en-
lightening the world with the effulgence of their glory;
and now on this consecrated ground and as we depart

(30)

from this sacred shrine, we would renew to her, our
native land, our heartfelt vows of fealty and pledg-e to
her again, as did our fathers of old, "our lives, our
fortunes, and our sacred honor."

Extract from the Report of the Santiago
Battlefield Commission.

The Military Service Institution,

Governor's Island, New York City,
February 26th, 1906.

Lieutenant-General A. R. Chaffee, U. S. Army,

President, Society of the Army of Santiago de Cuba.

Sir :

The Santiago Battlefield Commission presents here-
with the summary of events preceding the formal dedi-
cation of the Battle Monument at El Caney, together
with a record of that dedication, and the incidents con-
nected therewith.

On February 1, 1904, the U. S. Army Transport
"Sumner" arrived in the harbor of Santiago de Cuba
for the purpose of withdrawing the last garrison of
American troops in the Province of Santiago de Cuba.
While these troops were embarking several officers of
the American Army, including the present Secretary of
the Commission, visited the scene of the assaults on
July 1st at El Caney and San Juan, and the subsequent
siege of Santiago de Cuba, terminating in the surrender
of July 17th, 1898. The impression made by the practi-
cally unmarked battlefield was so painful to the American
officers that on the arrival of the "Sumner" at Havana,
to take on board the last garrison of American troops on
the Island of Cuba, the question of marking the battle-
field of Santiago was taken up with the American
Minister.

(30

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(32)

Subsequently, on the arrival of the "Sumner" at
Pensacola, Florida, a letter was addressed to the
American Minister, requesting that he obtain permission
from the Government of Cuba for the erection of four
simple monuments to mark the four principal engage-
ments of the Santiago Campaign, but no action resulted
therefrom. However on November 25, 1904, the present
Secretary of the Commission addressed a letter to the
Chief of the Insular Bureau, requesting permission for
Mr. Frank Steinhart to act as a representative of the
Society of the Army of Santiago de Cuba in his capacity
as Agent of the War Department in Cuba, or, with the
permission of the Secretary of State of the United
States, in his official capacity as the American Consul
General at Havana, The Honorable John Hay, Secre-
tary of State, promptly granted the request that Consul
General Steinhart should act as a representative of the
Society in the matter, and on December 16th, Mr. Stein-
hart presented the following petition to President Palma
of the Republic of Cuba:

(Here follows a copy of the petition.)

The petition was promptly granted, and Mr. Stein-
hart advised in the following communication:

[Translation.]

Republic of Cuba,

Office of the Secretary of State and Justice,

Department of State,

Havana, December 22, 1904.
Mr. F. Steinhart,

Dear Sir : In reply to your polite communica-
tion of the 16th of this month, requesting in the name
of the Society of the Army of Santiago de Cuba the
necessary authorization to erect several commemorative
monuments at various places in the neighborhood of
Santiago de Cuba to recall the principal combats that
took place during the Hispano-American war, I have

(33)

the honor to inform you that the President of the Re-
public, in accord with the Council of Secretaries, has
been pleased to grant the aforementioned request, and
to that end has transmitted the request to the Secretary
of Government to draw up the regulations he may
deem necessary, provided there be no legal impediment,
in order that no obstacles may be placed to the wishes
of the said association.

Very truly yours,

C. E. Ortiz, Secretary.
A true copy :

(Signed) Aurelio Hevia.

Major-GeneralJohnC. Bates, U. S. Army, as Presi-
dent of the Society, was kept advised of the progress
of events, and under date of February 2d, 1905, ap-
pointed a committee to take charge. (Here follows a
copy of General Bates' letter naming a commission to
consist of General Young, Colonel Wagner, and Lieu-
tenant-Colonel Hayes. General A. L. Mills was subse-
quently appointed, vice Wagner, deceased, )

General Young and Colonel Hayes at once proceeded
to Havana and had several interviews with President
Palma and the leading Government officials, who re-
ceived them most courteously and presented to the Com-
mission bronze Spanish cannon and iron gun carriages
and bronze mortars on mortar beds, which the Cuban
Government delivered on the battlefield, together with
Spanish Mauser rifles and bayonets to be used in con-
structing a rifle barrel bayonet fence around the surren-
der tree and around the granite shafts already erected
on the battlefield of Las Guasimas.

Prior to the departure from Washington of the
members of the Commission, they had received assur-
ances from the appropriation committees of Congress,
which warranted them in believing that an appropria-
tion would be inserted, as recommended by the Quarter-
master-General in the pending Sundry Civil Appropria-

(34)

tion Bill ' ' For marking the places where the American
Soldiers fell, and were temporarily interred in Cuba
and China, $9,500 ; said sum to be immediately avail-
able," so that the Commission felt justified in makino;
definite plans for the marking of the battlefield which the
Secretary visited with Cuban engineers. No advices
having been received of favorable Congressional action,
it was found necessary that he should return to Wash-
ington where, through the active personal interest of
the President, the Congress saw its way clear to insert
the item in the appropriation bill in the Senate, and it
was incorporated in the act of March 3, 1905.

On the recommendation of the Commission, Cap-
tain D. E. Aultman, Artillery Corps, on duty at Havana,
was appointed Constructing Quartermaster in charge of
the work at Santiago, with instructions to proceed with
the carrying out of the plans of the Commission. The
bids received by Captain Aultman were considered so
excessive, and so much time had elapsed that the fol-
lowing was addressed to Chief of Staff on behalf of the
Commission and favorably acted upon, as shown by the
following correspondence : (Here follows correspond-
ence as a result of which the necessary labor and
material were obtained in open market. )

It had been the original intention of the Commission
to dedicate the Battle Monument on El Caney on July
1st, 1905, the seventh anniversary of the battle, but
this was found to be impracticable, and at the suggestion
of the Alcalde of Santiago a postponement was made.

On December 16th, 1905, President Palma sent for
Consul General Steinhart who, after a conference with
him, advised the Battlefield Commission that the Secre-
tary of Finance would give immediate orders as follows:

1. For the free entry of tablets, &c., from America
to mark the battlefield.

2. For the repair of the block house at El Caney
and purchase of land.

3. For the purchase of Kettle Hill.

(35)

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4. For the construction of a driveway along the line
of trenches.

The Commission being authorized to do the work
required in open market, secured from the Rock Island
Arsenal, through the courtesy of the Chief of Ordnance,
a proposal to furnish the bronze tablets for the Battle
Monuments with the necessary inscriptions and lettering
at a price of $8.99 per square foot of tablet, and also
entered into negotiations with engineers and contractors
for the construction of the Battle Monument at El Caney
and the repair of the fort. The work of casting the
tablets was expedited as much as possible, and the thanks
not only of the Commission but of the members of the
Society of the Army of Santiago de Cuba, are due to
Lieutenant Colonel S. E. Blunt, U. S. Army, Command-
ing the Rock Island Arsenal, for his most efficient and
active interest in the completion of the tablets. On
January 1st, a meeting was held in the office of the
Chief of Staff which was attended by Lieutenant General
Chaffee, Chief of Staff, as President of the Society;
Captain Hollis C. Clark, Assistant Secretary and Treas-
urer of the Society; Major General Bates, Acting Chief
of Staff; and Colonel Hayes, Secretary of the Santiago
Battlefield Commission, at which time the date of the
dedication and the plans therefor were made, including
the designation of Major W. D. Beach, General Staff, as
Secretary of the Committee of Arrangements for the
Dedication on behalf of the Society, and the selection of
Lieutenant Colonel A. C. Sharpe, U. S. Army, Secretary
of the Society, to deliver the formal address. Formal
invitations were issued on behalf of the President of the
Society to attend the dedication, the members of the
Society to be transported on the U. S. Army Transport
"Sumner", to sail from New York on February 8th,
1906. On January 9th, the Secretary of the Commission
left Washington for Havana and Santiago and made a
contract for the completion of the monument at El Caney
by February 1st proximo, at a total cost of $500, includ-

(37)

ing the insertion in the pedestal of the monument of
the bronze roster and honor tablets, which were to be
delivered at Santiago by the Society. It was later
thought best by the Secretary of War to make formal
application to Congress for authority to employ the
Transport "Sumner" to convey the members of the
Society to Santiago, which he did in an official com-
munication which, with accompanying papers, was
printed as Senate Document No. 157, and a joint resolu-
tion unanimously adopted. (Here follows a copy of
Senate Document No. 157.)

The Chief of Ordnance, under date of May 22d,
1905, had advised the Battlefield Commission that the
Secretary of War had ruled that the Society of the
Army of Santiago de Cuba could be considered a sol-
diers' monument association within the meaning of the
act of Congress, and could receive condemned ordnance
from the Government, as requested by the Commission.
The Ordnance Department delivered to the Commission
at New York four condemned 3,2 inch rifles mounted
on carriages similar to the guns used in the campaign
to represent the four light batteries in action during
the campaign, and a dynamite gun and four iron mor-
tars to represent the dynamite battery and the two
mortar batteries which were engaged on the 10th of
July, 1898. This ordnance, together with the bronze
"Honor" tablet for the El Caney monument from
Rock Island and iron tablets to be placed on the four
field pieces and two field mortars were loaded on the
"Sumner" at pier 12, East River, and the dedicatory
expedition started at 10 A. M., February 8th, 1906, stop-
ping to take on passengers from Washington at For-
tress Monroe on the morning of February 9th.

Just prior to sailing, in correspondence with the
Hon.T.H. Newberry, Acting Secretary of the Navy, for-
merly a naval officer on the U. S. S. Yosemite at Guanta-
namo Bay, the Commission agreed to furnish one of the
bronze Spanish cannons presented by the Cuban gov-

(38)

(39)

ernment for a battle monument on McCalla Hill, if a
naval tug would convey it from Santiago and deliver
it to Captain Edward H. Schultz, Corps of Engineers,
U. S. A. , in charge of the construction of the defences
at Guantanamo Bay. Arrangements had previously
been made with Captain Schultz to have this gun placed
on the site of the fortification thrown up by the Amer-
ican Marines on the crest of the McCalla Hill during
the engagement of June 11-13, 1899, between the
American Marines and the Spanish forces for the pos-
session of the bay.

The "Sumner" steamed into Guantanamo Bay on
the evening of February 13th and cast anchor. Com-
mander C. E. Rogers, U. S. Navy, in command of the
station, and Lieutenant L. S. Thompson, U. S. Navy in
command of the U. S. S. "Yankee", which was to
convoy the transport to Santiago harbor and land sailors
and marines to participate in the dedicatory exercises
at El Caney, called at once on the members of the
Commission on the transport. The members of the
Battlefield Commission, Lieutenant-General Chaffee and
members of the Society and their guests, preceded by
the 5th Band Artillery Corps, marched to the Battle
Monument on the summit of McCalla Hill, where
patriotic airs were plaijed and brief remarks made by
Lieutenant-General Chaffee, President of the Society,
Rear Admiral Francis J. Higginson, U. S. N., represent-
ing the Navy, and Captain William N. McKelvy, U. S.
Marine Corps, who participated in the engagement on
McCalla Hill.

At daylight on February 14th, the "Sumner" and
the "Yankee" entered Santiago harbor, cast anchor,
and at 8 A. M. trimmed ship. The "Yankee" fired a
national salute of 21 guns, and the 5th Band Artillery
Corps played the National Air of Cuba, just as the
American Consul, with the local American Committee
and the Alcalde of Santiago, boarded the "Sumner" to
present the keys of the City of Santiago. An official

(40)

call was at once made on the Governor of Oriente Prov-
ince and the Alcalde of Santiago, who immediately
returned the call on board the "Summer". At 12 M.
the entire party proceeded in carriages and floats to the
residence of the American Consul who with his wife,
Mrs. Holliday, held informal reception for the American
visitors. In the meantime the 5th Band Artillery Corps
followed by four companies of marines and one company
of sailors from the U. S. S. "Yankee", all under
command of Captain W, N. McKelvy, U. S. M. C,
marched up to the palace where, after rendering appro-
priate airs, they were furnished with transportation and
proceeded to El Caney, Cuba, where they disembarked
and awaited the arrival of the members of the Society
and their guests, and then formed in procession and
marched up to Fort El Viso, passing the fine body of
Cuban Artillery and Rural Guards headed by the Cuban
Artillery Band, which had already taken station in the
vicinity of the fort. Lieutenant General Chaffee, as
President of the Society of the Army of Santiago de
Cuba, called the meeting to order in accordance with
the program.

The Battle Monument consists of a Bronze Spanish
Cannon, on an iron gun carriage placed on the top of a
Cement Pedestal ten feet in height in the center of the
ruins of Fort El Viso, the gun pointing towards the
position occupied by Capron's Battery. In opposite faces
of the Pedestal are placed the Bronze "Honor" and
"Roster" Tablets, while a tablet to Capron's Battery E
1st Artillery is set on one of the bastions. The walls of
the Fort have been preserved by a coating of Portland
Cement and the Cuban Government has constructed a
driveway up the ramp surrounding the Fort and extend-
ing to El Caney.

* * * * * *

At 8 P. M., the Government of the Republic of Cuba
formally entertained the members of the Battlefield
Commission and the ofiicers and members of the Society

(41)

.V-l,' -J

(42)

of the Army of Santiago de Cuba at an elegant banquet
given in the Hotel Venus on the palace square, Santiago,
and at 10 P. M. , the entire party of officers and ladies
attended a beautiful reception at the San Carlos Club,
as guests of the Union and San Carlos Clubs.

February 15th was spent in visiting the battlefields
of San Juan, El Caney, and Las Guasimas, and Morro
Castle, while the members of the battlefield commission
and Lieutenant General Chaffee, as guests of Mr. A. E.
Borie, Vice-President of the Bethlehem Steel Company,
visited Siboney, Cuba, and selected the site for the pro-
posed monument, to be erected by the Juragua Iron
Company, commemorating the landing place of General
Shafter and staff and Kent's 1st Infantry Division, and
the subsequent re-enforcements of the 5th Army Corps
in Cuba, as well as the location of the Base Hospital of
the Santiago Campaign from which all the wounded and
sick were sent back to the United States. In the even-
ing, from 8 to 12 o'clock, the members of the Society
entertained at a reception, on board the Transport
"Sumner", the representatives of the Cuban Govern-
ment, officers of the Cuban Artillery and Rural Guard,
the Governor of the Oriente Province, the Alcalde of
Santiago with their wives and friends, and the American
residents of Santiago.

At 8 A. M., February 16th, the "Sumner" left the
harbor of Santiago and as a special compliment to the
representatives of the Navy, Admirals Higginson and
Clark, followed the course of the U. S. S. Oregon in the
Naval Battle of July 3rd, 1898, steaming to the west-
ward, passing the Spanish wrecks and being entertained
by a most graphic description of the destruction of the
Spanish fleet, by Rear Admiral Charles E. Clark, U. S.
N., the commander of the U. S. Battleship "Oregon".

On resuming her course around Cape Maysi the
"Sumner" stopped off the harbor of Daiquiri, the first
landing place of the 5th Army Corps in the Santiago
Campaign. On the beach where the troops were landed

(43)

the Spanish American Iron Company, under the inspira-
tion of its patriotic President, Mr. Charles F. Rand, had
erected a beautiful monument of Quincy granite in
which had been set a bronze tablet 3x5 containing the
following inscription: [Here follows a copy of the
inscription.]

The members of the Society and their guests were
taken ashore in the Company's tug " Colon ", and pro-
ceeded to the monument, where Lieutenant-General
S. B. M. Young, as Chairman of the Santiago Battlefield
Commission, called the meeting to order, and the fol-
lowing program was carried out :

Music : "The Star Spangled Banner," 5th Band, Artil-
lery Corps, U. S. A.

Presentation of Monument by Mr. De Berniere Whitaker,
Acting Superintendent Spanish-American Iron Com-
pany.

Unveiling of Tablet by Mrs. Charles F. Rand.

Acceptance by Lieutenant-General A. R. Chaffee, U.S. A,
President Society of the Army of Santiago de Cuba.

Music : "Himno de Bayamo," 5th Band, Artillery Corps,
U. S. A.

At 3 P. M., February 18th, the Transport "Sumner"
cast anchor in Havana harbor, and the members of the
party at once visited the places of interest in the city.
At noon on the 19th, Lieutenant-General Chaffee, Pres-
ident of the Society, with Mrs. Chaffee, paid a formal
visit to the President of the Republic of Cuba, and then
embarked on the steamer " Vigilancia " en route to the
City of Mexico, greeted with music by the 5th Band
Artilllery Corps and the cheers of their friends on the
" Sumner ". At 12 M. February 20th, the members of
the Commission and of the Society, with their ladies,
were formally received by President Palma, Secretary
O'Farrell and Secretary Andrade, at the President's

(44)

palace, where they were presented also to the members
of the President's family, and at 6 P. M., after another
season of farewell music and cheers in honor of Lieut-
enant-General Young, Chairman of the Santiago Battle-
field Commission, who remained in Cuba, the Transport
started on her return trip, stopping at Fortress Monroe
to allow the Washington contingent to disembark, and
arriving off New York at daylight, February 25th.

H: H= * * * *

The Santiago Battlefield Commission,
Webb C. Hayes,

Lieutenant-Colonel, U. S. V.,

Secretay^y.

(46)

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